Ajax传递JSON实例代码有哪些?

Ajax传递JSON实例代码有哪些?

前面的话

虽然ajax全称是asynchronous javascript and XML。但目前使用ajax技术时,传递JSON已经成为事实上的标准。因为相较于XML而言,JSON简单且方便。本文将上一篇中的实例进行改写,以JSON的方式来进行数据传递

前端页面

<!-- 前端页面 -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
body{font-size: 20px;margin: 0;line-height: 1.5;}
select,button,input{font-size: 20px;line-height: 1.5;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>员工查询</h2> 
<label>请输入员工编号:</label>
<input type="text" id="keyword">
<button id="search">查询</button>
<p id="searchResult"></p>
<h2>员工创建</h2>
<form id="postForm">
 <label>请输入员工姓名:</label>
 <input type="text" name="name"><br>
 <label>请输入员工编号:</label>
 <input type="text" name="number"><br>
 <label>请输入员工性别:</label>
 <select name="sex">
 <option value="男">男</option>
 <option value="女">女</option>
 </select><br>
 <label>请输入员工职位:</label>
 <input type="text" name="job"><br>
 <button id="save" type="button">保存</button> 
</form>
<p id="createResult"></p>
<script>
/*get*/
//查询
var oSearch = document.getElementById('search');
//get方式添加数据
function addURLParam(url,name,value){
 url += (url.indexOf("?") == -1 ? "?" : "&");
 url +=encodeURIComponent(name) + "=" + encodeURIComponent(value);
 return url;
}
oSearch.onclick = function(){
 //创建xhr对象
 var xhr;
 if(window.XMLHttpRequest){
  xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
 }else{
  xhr = new ActiveXObject('Microsoft.XMLHTTP');
 }
 //异步接受响应
 xhr.onreadystatechange = function(){
  if(xhr.readyState == 4){
   if(xhr.status == 200){
    //实际操作
    var data = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText);
    if(data.success){
     document.getElementById('searchResult').innerHTML = data.msg;
    }else{
     document.getElementById('searchResult').innerHTML = '出现错误:' +data.msg;
    }
   }else{
    alert('发生错误:' + xhr.status);
   }
  }
 }
 //发送请求
 var url = 'service.php';
 url = addURLParam(url,'number',document.getElementById('keyword').value);
 xhr.open('get',url,true);
 xhr.send();
}
/*post*/
//创建
var oSave = document.getElementById('save');
//post方式添加数据
function serialize(form){  
 var parts = [],field = null,i,len,j,optLen,option,optValue;
 for (i=0, len=form.elements.length; i < len; i++){
  field = form.elements[i];
  switch(field.type){
   case "select-one":
   case "select-multiple":
    if (field.name.length){
     for (j=0, optLen = field.options.length; j < optLen; j++){
      option = field.options[j];
      if (option.selected){
       optValue = "";
       if (option.hasAttribute){
        optValue = (option.hasAttribute("value") ? option.value : option.text);
       } else {
        optValue = (option.attributes["value"].specified ? option.value : option.text);
       }
       parts.push(encodeURIComponent(field.name) + "=" + encodeURIComponent(optValue));
      }
     }
    }
    break;    
   case undefined:  //fieldset
   case "file":  //file input
   case "submit":  //submit button
   case "reset":  //reset button
   case "button":  //custom button
    break;    
   case "radio":  //radio button
   case "checkbox": //checkbox
    if (!field.checked){
     break;
    }
    /* falls through */
   default:
    //don't include form fields without names
    if (field.name.length){
     parts.push(encodeURIComponent(field.name) + "=" + encodeURIComponent(field.value));
    }
  }
 }  
 return parts.join("&");
}
oSave.onclick = function(){
 //创建xhr对象
 var xhr;
 if(window.XMLHttpRequest){
  xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
 }else{
  xhr = new ActiveXObject('Microsoft.XMLHTTP');
 }
 //异步接受响应
 xhr.onreadystatechange = function(){
  if(xhr.readyState == 4){
   if(xhr.status == 200){
    //实际操作
    var data = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText);
    if(data.success){
     document.getElementById('createResult').innerHTML = data.msg; 
    }else{
     document.getElementById('createResult').innerHTML = '出现错误:'+data.msg;
    }
   }else{
    alert('发生错误:' + xhr.status);
   }
  }
 }
 //发送请求
 xhr.open('post','service.php',true);
 xhr.setRequestHeader("content-type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
 xhr.send(serialize(document.getElementById('postForm')));
}
</script>
</body>
</html>

后端页面

<?php 
//用于过滤不安全的字符
function test_input($data) {
 $data = trim($data);
 $data = stripslashes($data);
 $data = htmlspecialchars($data);
 return $data;
}
//设置页面内容的html编码格式是utf-8
header("Content-Type:application/json;charset=utf-8");
//定义一个多维数组,包含员工的信息,每条员工信息为一个数组
$staff = array(
 array("name"=>"洪七","number"=>"101","sex"=>"男","job"=>'总经理'),
 array("name"=>"郭靖","number"=>"102","sex"=>"男","job"=>'开发工程师'),
 array("name"=>"黄蓉","number"=>"103","sex"=>"女","job"=>'产品经理')
 );
//判断如果是get请求,则进行搜索;如果是POST请求,则进行新建
//$_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"]返回访问页面使用的请求方法
if($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "GET"){
 search();
}else if($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST"){
 create();
}
//通过员工编号搜索员工
function search(){
 //检查是否有员工编号的参数
 //isset检测变量是否设置;empty判断值是否为空
 if(!isset($_GET['number']) || empty($_GET['number'])){
  echo '{"success":false,"msg":"参数错误"}';
  return;
 }
 global $staff;
 $number = test_input($_GET['number']);
 $result = '{"success":false,"msg":"没有找到员工"}';
 //遍历$staff多维数组,查找key值为number的员工是否存在。如果存在,则修改返回结果
 foreach($staff as $value){
  if($value['number'] == $number){
   $result = '{"success":true,"msg":"找到员工:员工编号为' .$value["number"] .',员工姓名为' .$value["name"] .',员工性别为' .$value["sex"] .',员工职位为' .$value["job"] .'"}';
   break;
  }
 }
 echo $result;
}
//创建员工
function create(){
 //判断信息是否填写完全
 if(!isset($_POST['name']) || empty($_POST['name']) || 
  !isset($_POST['number']) || empty($_POST['number']) ||
  !isset($_POST['sex']) || empty($_POST['sex']) ||
  !isset($_POST['job']) || empty($_POST['job']) 
  ){
  echo '{"success":false,"msg":"参数错误,员工信息填写不全"}';
  return;
 }
 echo '{"success":true,"msg":"员工' .test_input($_POST['name']) .'信息保存成功!"}';
}
?>

实例演示

Ajax传递JSON实例代码有哪些?

以上所述是小编给大家介绍的Ajax 传递JSON实例代码,希望对大家有所帮助,如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言,小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对路饭网站的支持!