IIS中的MIME类型怎么样?

IIS中的MIME类型怎么样?

介绍

MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions,多目的Internet邮件扩展)是创建用于电子邮件交换,网络文档,及企业网和Internet上的其他应用程序中的文件格式的规范。每个MIME格式包含一个MIME内容类型("MIME type")和指示存储在这个文件中的数据的子类型。MIME类型和子类型一般以类型/子类型的形式列出。例如,一个MPEG视频文件将会以"video/mpeg"的形式列出。MIME类型/子类型列表包括可接受的文件名扩展名。例如,列出一个MPEG文件的MIME信息的表格可能包含如下的一个MPEG条目:


类型/子类型

扩展名

video/mpeg

.mpe, .mpeg, .mpg

MIME格式的内容广泛用于网络文档中。例如,你可以将一个MPEG文件连接到一个网页上。当用户浏览这个网页单击这个MPEG文件连接时,当下载这个MPEG 文件到这个浏览器显示时,IIS和Microsoft® Internet Explorer浏览器执行下面的事件序列:

  1. 连同这个文件,IIS将MIME类型和子类型(video/mpeg, video/mpe, 或 video/mpg)发送到这个浏览器。
  2. 如果对MPEG MIME格式的支持是固有的,这个浏览器就会显示这个文件。
  3. 如果这浏览器不包含对MIME格式的固有支持,这个浏览器在它的助手应用程序的表格中查找这个文件名扩展名。然后,它或者选择相应的帮助应用程序显示这个文件或者返回一个错误信息。

IIS包含一个最通用的基于网络的mime类型和子类型及相关联的文件名扩展名的一个表格。如果IIS没有你下载的这个MIME格式文件的MIME信息,那么IIS将向这个文件附加一个缺省的MIME身份。结果,这个接收文件的客户可能会误解它的内容。你可以为身份不在表格中的文件向IIS手动加入MIME类型,子类型和文件名扩展名。见关于加入用于你的IIS版本的MIME类型的部分。

注意,当计划使用一个MIME格式时,你必须为助手程序配置浏览器来处理这个浏览器不能直接支持的所有MIME类型。


使用MIME表格


这个参考包含同一个MIME表格的两个版本:

  • 第一个表格列出了IIS 4.0和IIS 5.0的MIME格式,按照文件名扩展名排序。
  • 第二个表格列出了按MIME类型/子类型排序的同一信息。

如果你有一个MIME扩展名,并想找到这个被IIS 4.0或 IIS 5.0使用的MIME类型/子类型,请在第一个标各种查找,"IIS中的MIME格式,按扩展名排序."

如果你有一个MIME类型/子类型,并且想要弄清楚它是否在IIS 4.0 或IIS 5.0注册了,请察看第二个表格,"IIS中的MIME格式,按类型/子类型排序"。这个表格也可以用于用于给定MIME类型/子类型的一个文件扩展名。


向IIS 4.0加入MIME类型

MIME类型可以利用Internet服务管理器控制台在IIS 4.0中注册。

例如,为了利用Internet服务管理器加入XML MIME类型:

  1. 选择Default Web Site,弹出Properties对话框。
  2. 选择HTTP Headers 标签。
  3. MIME Map下,单击 File Types 标签并选择 New Type
  4. Extension 域键入.xml 并在Content Type 域键入text/xml,然后单击OK

任何其他扩展名,如.xsl(eXtensible Style Sheets),可以采取同样的过程加入。

向IIS 5.0加入MIME类型

MIME类型可以利用IIS snap-in在IIS 5.0中注册。

例如,为了利用IIS snap-in向缺省的得网站加入XML MIME类型:

  1. 选择Default Web Site,弹出Properties对话框。
  2. 选择HTTP Headers标签。
  3. MIME Map下,单击File Types 标签并选择New Type
  4. Extension 域中键入.xml,在 Content Type 域中键入text/xml, 然后单击OK

为了向所有在给定机器上运行的站点加入XML MIME类型:

  1. 选择Internet Information Services并弹出Properties对话框。
  2. 在 Computer MIME Map下, 单击Edit按钮并选择New Type。
  3. 在Extension 域键入.xml 并在 Content Type 域键入text/xml,然后单击OK。

任何其他扩展名,如.xsl (eXtensible Style Sheets),可以采用同样的过程加入。

在ASP页声明一个MIME类型


当网络服务器向一个浏览器返回一个文件时,它发送确定返回内容的类型的信息。当ASP应用程序要产生不只是HTML的内容时,它必须利用Response对象的ContentType属性声明一个MIME类型/子类型。

例如,当利用ASP动态产生XML时,XML MIME类型/子类型必须在这个ASP本身声明。利用Response对象的ContentType属性,指示输出是XML,代码如下:

<% Response.ContentType = "text/xml" %>


IIS中的MIME格式,按扩展名排序

下面的表格列出了按文件扩展名排序的MIME内容类型,这些类型是在IIS 4.0 和IIS 5.0中注册的。

扩展名 类型/子类型 IIS 4.0 IIS 5.0
* application/octet-stream
323 text/h323
acx application/internet-property-stream
ai application/postscript
aif audio/x-aiff
aifc audio/x-aiff
aiff audio/x-aiff
asf video/x-ms-asf
asr video/x-ms-asf
asx video/x-ms-asf
au audio/basic
avi video/x-msvideo
axs application/olescript
bas text/plain
bcpio application/x-bcpio
bin application/octet-stream
bmp image/bmp
c text/plain
cat application/vnd.ms-pkiseccat
cdf application/x-cdf
cer application/x-x509-ca-cert
class application/octet-stream
clp application/x-msclip
cmx image/x-cmx
cod image/cis-cod
cpio application/x-cpio
crd application/x-mscardfile
crl application/pkix-crl
crt application/x-x509-ca-cert
csh application/x-csh
css text/css
dcr application/x-director
der application/x-x509-ca-cert
dir application/x-director
dll application/x-msdownload
dms application/octet-stream
doc application/msword
dot application/msword
dvi application/x-dvi
dxr application/x-director
eps application/postscript
etx text/x-setext
evy application/envoy
exe application/octet-stream
fif application/fractals
flr x-world/x-vrml
gif image/gif
gtar application/x-gtar
gz application/x-gzip
h text/plain
hdf application/x-hdf
hlp application/winhlp
hqx application/mac-binhex40
hta application/hta
htc text/x-component
htm text/html
html text/html
htt text/webviewhtml
ico image/x-icon
ief image/ief
iii application/x-iphone
ins application/x-internet-signup
isp application/x-internet-signup
jfif image/pipeg
jpe image/jpeg
jpeg image/jpeg
jpg image/jpeg
js application/x-javascript
latex application/x-latex
lha application/octet-stream
lsf video/x-la-asf
lsx video/x-la-asf
lzh application/octet-stream
m13 application/x-msmediaview
m14 application/x-msmediaview
m3u audio/x-mpegurl
man application/x-troff-man
mdb application/x-msaccess
me application/x-troff-me
mht message/rfc822
mhtml message/rfc822
mid audio/mid
mny application/x-msmoney
mov video/quicktime
movie video/x-sgi-movie
mp2 video/mpeg
mp3 audio/mpeg
mpa video/mpeg
mpe video/mpeg
mpeg video/mpeg
mpg video/mpeg
mpp application/vnd.ms-project
mpv2 video/mpeg
ms application/x-troff-ms
mvb application/x-msmediaview
nws message/rfc822
oda application/oda
p10 application/pkcs10
p12 application/x-pkcs12
p7b application/x-pkcs7-certificates
p7c application/x-pkcs7-mime
p7m application/x-pkcs7-mime
p7r application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp
p7s application/x-pkcs7-signature
pbm image/x-portable-bitmap
pdf application/pdf
pfx application/x-pkcs12
pgm image/x-portable-graymap
pko application/ynd.ms-pkipko
pma application/x-perfmon
pmc application/x-perfmon
pml application/x-perfmon
pmr application/x-perfmon
pmw application/x-perfmon
pnm image/x-portable-anymap
pot, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
ppm image/x-portable-pixmap
pps application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
ppt application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
prf application/pics-rules
ps application/postscript
pub application/x-mspublisher
qt video/quicktime
ra audio/x-pn-realaudio
ram audio/x-pn-realaudio
ras image/x-cmu-raster
rgb image/x-rgb
rmi audio/mid
roff application/x-troff
rtf application/rtf
rtx text/richtext
scd application/x-msschedule
sct text/scriptlet
setpay application/set-payment-initiation
setreg application/set-registration-initiation
sh application/x-sh
shar application/x-shar
sit application/x-stuffit
snd audio/basic
spc application/x-pkcs7-certificates
spl application/futuresplash
src application/x-wais-source
sst application/vnd.ms-pkicertstore
stl application/vnd.ms-pkistl
stm text/html
sv4cpio application/x-sv4cpio
sv4crc application/x-sv4crc
t application/x-troff
tar application/x-tar
tcl application/x-tcl
tex application/x-tex
texi application/x-texinfo
texinfo application/x-texinfo
tgz application/x-compressed
tif image/tiff
tiff image/tiff
tr application/x-troff
trm application/x-msterminal
tsv text/tab-separated-values
txt text/plain
uls text/iuls
ustar application/x-ustar
vcf text/x-vcard
vrml x-world/x-vrml
wav audio/x-wav
wcm application/vnd.ms-works
wdb application/vnd.ms-works
wks application/vnd.ms-works
wmf application/x-msmetafile
wps application/vnd.ms-works
wri application/x-mswrite
wrl x-world/x-vrml
wrz x-world/x-vrml
xaf x-world/x-vrml
xbm image/x-xbitmap
xla application/vnd.ms-excel
xlc application/vnd.ms-excel
xlm application/vnd.ms-excel
xls application/vnd.ms-excel
xlt application/vnd.ms-excel
xlw application/vnd.ms-excel
xof x-world/x-vrml
xpm image/x-xpixmap
xwd image/x-xwindowdump
z application/x-compress
zip application/zip

IIS中的MIME格式,按类型/子类型排序

下面的表格列出了按MIME内容类型/子类型排序的MIME内容类型,这些类型是在IIS 4.0 和IIS 5.0中注册的。

类型/子类型 扩展名 IIS 4.0 IIS 5.0
application/envoy evy
application/fractals fif
application/futuresplash spl
application/hta hta
application/internet-property-stream acx
application/mac-binhex40 hqx
application/msword doc
application/msword dot
application/octet-stream *
application/octet-stream bin
application/octet-stream class
application/octet-stream dms
application/octet-stream exe
application/octet-stream lha
application/octet-stream lzh
application/oda oda
application/olescript axs
application/pdf pdf
application/pics-rules prf
application/pkcs10 p10
application/pkix-crl crl
application/postscript ai
application/postscript eps
application/postscript ps
application/rtf rtf
application/set-payment-initiation setpay
application/set-registration-initiation setreg
application/vnd.ms-excel xla
application/vnd.ms-excel xlc
application/vnd.ms-excel xlm
application/vnd.ms-excel xls
application/vnd.ms-excel xlt
application/vnd.ms-excel xlw
application/vnd.ms-pkicertstore sst
application/vnd.ms-pkiseccat cat
application/vnd.ms-pkistl stl
application/vnd.ms-powerpoint pot,
application/vnd.ms-powerpoint pps
application/vnd.ms-powerpoint ppt
application/vnd.ms-project mpp
application/vnd.ms-works wcm
application/vnd.ms-works wdb
application/vnd.ms-works wks
application/vnd.ms-works wps
application/winhlp hlp
application/x-bcpio bcpio
application/x-cdf cdf
application/x-compress z
application/x-compressed tgz
application/x-cpio cpio
application/x-csh csh
application/x-director dcr
application/x-director dir
application/x-director dxr
application/x-dvi dvi
application/x-gtar gtar
application/x-gzip gz
application/x-hdf hdf
application/x-internet-signup ins
application/x-internet-signup isp
application/x-iphone iii
application/x-javascript js
application/x-latex latex
application/x-msaccess mdb
application/x-mscardfile crd
application/x-msclip clp
application/x-msdownload dll
application/x-msmediaview m13
application/x-msmediaview m14
application/x-msmediaview mvb
application/x-msmetafile wmf
application/x-msmoney mny
application/x-mspublisher pub
application/x-msschedule scd
application/x-msterminal trm
application/x-mswrite wri
application/x-netcdf cdf
application/x-netcdf nc
application/x-perfmon pma
application/x-perfmon pmc
application/x-perfmon pml
application/x-perfmon pmr
application/x-perfmon pmw
application/x-pkcs12 p12
application/x-pkcs12 pfx
application/x-pkcs7-certificates p7b
application/x-pkcs7-certificates spc
application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp p7r
application/x-pkcs7-mime p7c
application/x-pkcs7-mime p7m
application/x-pkcs7-signature p7s
application/x-sh sh
application/x-shar shar
application/x-stuffit sit
application/x-sv4cpio sv4cpio
application/x-sv4crc sv4crc
application/x-tar tar
application/x-tcl tcl
application/x-tex tex
application/x-texinfo texi
application/x-texinfo texinfo
application/x-troff roff
application/x-troff t
application/x-troff tr
application/x-troff-man man
application/x-troff-me me
application/x-troff-ms ms
application/x-ustar ustar
application/x-wais-source src
application/x-x509-ca-cert cer
application/x-x509-ca-cert crt
application/x-x509-ca-cert der
application/ynd.ms-pkipko pko
application/zip zip
audio/basic au
audio/basic snd
audio/mid mid
audio/mid rmi
audio/mpeg mp3
audio/x-aiff aif
audio/x-aiff aifc
audio/x-aiff aiff
audio/x-mpegurl m3u
audio/x-pn-realaudio ra
audio/x-pn-realaudio ram
audio/x-wav wav
image/bmp bmp
image/cis-cod cod
image/gif gif
image/ief ief
image/jpeg jpe
image/jpeg jpeg
image/jpeg jpg
image/pipeg jfif
image/tiff tif
image/tiff tiff
image/x-cmu-raster ras
image/x-cmx cmx
image/x-icon ico
image/x-portable-anymap pnm
image/x-portable-bitmap pbm
image/x-portable-graymap pgm
image/x-portable-pixmap ppm
image/x-rgb rgb
image/x-xbitmap xbm
image/x-xpixmap xpm
image/x-xwindowdump xwd
message/rfc822 mht
message/rfc822 mhtml
message/rfc822 nws
text/css css
text/h323 323
text/html htm
text/html html
text/html stm
text/iuls uls
text/plain bas
text/plain c
text/plain h
text/plain txt
text/richtext rtx
text/scriptlet sct
text/tab-separated-values tsv
text/webviewhtml htt
text/x-component htc
text/x-setext etx
text/x-vcard vcf
video/mpeg mp2
video/mpeg mpa
video/mpeg mpe
video/mpeg mpeg
video/mpeg mpg
video/mpeg mpv2
video/quicktime mov
video/quicktime qt
video/x-la-asf lsf
video/x-la-asf lsx
video/x-ms-asf asf
video/x-ms-asf asr
video/x-ms-asf asx
video/x-msvideo avi
video/x-sgi-movie movie
x-world/x-vrml flr
x-world/x-vrml vrml
x-world/x-vrml wrl
x-world/x-vrml wrz
x-world/x-vrml xaf
x-world/x-vrml xof